Since the beginning of the new millennium, UNESCO declared the XXI century - the century polyglot, the whole world sounded the slogan "Learning languages throughout their lives." 2001 was declared the World Year of Languages, in this connection and created a new holiday - European Day of languages. Celebrated annually on September 26.
Aims
Preservation and development of languages, including small, it is declared as the official language of EU policy. Among the ways to achieve This is usually referred to the study of more than one foreign language and the continuation of language learning in adulthood. Emphasizes the need for learning of several languages, not just English, which is absolutely dominant since the early 1990's, clogging many languages unnecessary borrowing.
main objectives of the European Day of Languages
to draw attention to the problem of learning languages in order to improve cross-cultural and cross-language understanding;
demonstration of the wealth of linguistic and cultural diversity of Europe;
encourage research and development of various languages both in schools and outside them for person's life.
Notable facts
across the European continent in its conventional boundaries, there are 225 indigenous languages, more 2 / 3 of which are either already extinct or on hoditsya on the verge of extinction as a result of gradual assimilation into the status of linguistic minorities (eg, Irish language and other Celtic languages).
On the other hand, linguistic picture of Europe significantly enriched in the second half of XX century, when the mass economic and political migration, in almost all European countries, especially in their capitals, began to hear the speech of most nations of the world. In largest metropolis in Europe (Moscow), as well as in St. Petersburg, currently supports numerous Ukrainian, Moldovan, Kyrgyz, Uzbek, Tajik, English, French, Chinese, Vietnamese and many other languages of the world. In Germany, notably the presence of the Turkish language in Sweden and France - in Arabic, in London, according to recent polls are living the supports 336 languages, including Hindi, Urdu, and various African languages, etc. But very often influx of migrants from third countries leads to a deterioration avtohonnyh minority languages, because immigrants are usually trying to learn only the most economically "beneficial", the dominant language, using the family in household and ignoring all others. Thus, the influx of migrants in Ireland indirectly contributes to the further decline of the Irish language by English and in Finnish - Swedish by Finnish.
Modern Language statistics Europe
is noteworthy that the most common language in Europe (the number of carriers as a mother) is the Russian language, both geographically and territorially (Over 105 million live in the European part of Russia). From 15 to 40 million native speakers of Russian, including bilingual, there are in Ukraine (30% of the population called his mother According to 2001 census), from 6 to 10 million in Belarus (58% of the population called it the main language in the 2001 census). In general, consider Russian their native order 150 million Europeans.
further by a large margin to be German - about 95 million French, about 66 million and 63 million English language, Italian - 60 million, English, Polish and Ukrainian language (about 40 millions of Europeans believe their loved ones).
Trends
as a foreign language in Europe, owned by Europeans are distinguished: English (38%), German (15%), French (14%), Russian (7%), English (5%), Italian (3%).
After a significant decline of interest in the Russian language, which ranks second in popularity to the end of 1980, there has been a new surge of interest to him, especially in Poland, Bulgaria and other countries. The demand for English in recent years has stabilized at a high level in German, French and especially the Italian more bedrooms, but significantly increased the attractiveness of the English language, to a lesser extent Portuguese. Traditionally
poorly studied western and southern Europeans Slavic languages (except Russian) and the Finno-Ugric, the latter are usually seen as complex because of lack of kinship with the Indo-European languages.
increases the attractiveness of several major neindoevropeyskih languages: Chinese, Arabic, Turkish, Korean.
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